January 2020/Peking University/Acta Pharmacologica Sinica
نص / وو تينغ ياو
The team led by Professor Baoxue Yang, chairman of the Department of Pharmacology, جامعة بكين, published two articles in Acta Pharmacologica Sinica in early 2020, confirming thatغانوديرما لوكيدوم triterpenes can delay the progression of renal fibrosis and polycystic kidney disease, and their main functional components are ganoderic acid A.
Ganoderic acid delays the progression of renal fibrosis.
The researchers tied up the ureter on one side of the mouse. Fourteen days later, the mouse would develop renal fibrosis due to obstruction of urination and backflow of urine. في نفس الوقت, its blood urea nitrogen (كعكة) والكرياتينين (كر) will also increase, indicating impaired renal function.
لكن, if ganoderic acid is given at a daily dose of 50 mg/kg by intraperitoneal injection immediately after ligation of the ureter, the degree of renal fibrosis or renal function impairment will be significantly reduced after 14 أيام.
Further analysis of the related mechanism of action shows that ganoderic acid can prevent the progression of renal fibrosis from at least two aspects:
أولاً, ganoderic acids prevent normal renal tubular epithelial cells from transforming into mesenchymal cells that secrete fibrosis-related substances (this process is called epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, EMT); second, ganoderic acids can reduce the expression of fibronectin and other fibrosis-related substances.
As the most abundant triterpenoid ofغانوديرما لوكيدوم, Ganoderic acid has many kinds. In order to confirm which ganoderic acid exerts the above-mentioned kidney protection effect, the researchers cultured the main ganoderic acids A, ب, and C2 with human renal tubular epithelial cell lines at a concentration of 100 μg/mL. في نفس الوقت, the growth factor TGF-β1, which is indispensable for the progression of fibrosis, is added to induce cells to secrete fibrosis-related proteins.
The results show that ganoderic acid A has the best effect in inhibiting the secretion of fibrosis-related proteins in cells, and its effect is even stronger than that of the original ganoderic acid mixture. لذلك, researchers believe thatغانوديرما لوكيدوم is the active source of reducing kidney fibrosis. It is especially valuable that ganoderic acid A has no toxic effect on renal cells and will not kill or injure renal cells.
Ganoderic acids delay the progression of polycystic kidney disease.
Unlike renal fibrosis, which is mostly caused by external factors such as diseases and drugs, polycystic kidney disease is caused by a gene mutation on the chromosome. The vesicles on both sides of the kidney will gradually become larger and more numerous so as to press on normal kidney tissues and impair kidney function.
سابقًا, Baoxue Yang’s team has proven thatالجانوديرما واضح triterpenes can delay the progression of polycystic kidney disease and protect kidney function. لكن, الالجانوديرما واضح triterpenes used in the experiment at least include ganoderic acids A, ب, ج2, د, ف, ز, ت, DM and ganoderenic acids A, ب, د, and F.
In order to find out the key active ingredients, the researchers examined the 12 kinds of triterpenes one by one through in vitro experiments and found that none of them affect the survival of kidney cells but they have significant differences in the inhibition of vesicle growth. فيما بينها, ganoderic acid A has the best effect.
بالإضافة إلى, ganoderic acid A was cultured in vitro with the kidneys of embryonic mice and the agents that induce vesicle formation. نتيجة ل, ganoderic acid A can still inhibit the number and size of vesicles without affecting the growth of the kidneys. Its effective dose was 100μg/mL, the same as the dose of triterpenes used in previous experiments.
Animal experiments have also found that subcutaneous injection of 50 mg/kg of ganoderic acid A into short-born mice with polycystic kidney disease every day, after four days of treatment, can improve kidney swelling without affecting liver weight and body weight. It also reduces the volume and number of renal vesicles, so that the distribution area of renal vesicles is reduced by about 40% compared with the control group without ganoderic acid A protection.
Since the effective dose of ganoderic acid A in the experiment was one-fourth of the same experiment withزأنوديرماواضح ترايتيربين, it is shown that ganoderic acid A is indeed the key component ofزأنوديرماواضح triterpenes to delay the progression of polycystic kidney disease. Applying the same dose of ganoderic acid A to newborn normal mice did not affect the size of their kidneys, indicating that ganoderic acid A has a certain degree of safety.
From renal fibrosis to renal failure, it can be said that chronic kidney disease caused by various causes (مثل مرض السكري) will inevitably go on a path of no return.
للمرضى الذين يعانون من مرض الكلى المتعدد الكيسات, the rate of renal function decline may be faster. وفقا للإحصاءات, about half of patients with polycystic kidney disease will progress to kidney failure around the age of 60 and require life-long dialysis.
Regardless of whether the pathogenic factor is acquired or congenital, it is not easy to “reverse the kidney function”! لكن, if the rate of kidney deterioration can be slowed down so that it can be balanced with the length of life, it may be possible to make the diseased life less pessimistic and more scenic.
Through cell and animal experiments, Baoxue Yang’s research team has proved that Ganoderic acid A, which accounts for the highest proportion ofغانوديرما لوكيدوم ترايتيربين, is an indicator component ofغانوديرما لوكيدوم for protecting the kidney.
This research result highlights that the scientific research ofغانوديرما لوكيدوم is so solid that it can tell you which ingredient the effects ofغانوديرما لوكيدوم mainly come from instead of just drawing a fantasy pie for your imagination. بالطبع, it is not to say that only ganoderic acid A can protect the kidney. في الحقيقة, some other ingredients ofغانوديرما لوكيدوم are definitely beneficial to the kidneys.
على سبيل المثال, another paper published by Baoxue Yang’s team on the topic of protecting the kidney pointed out thatغانوديرما لوكيدوم polysaccharide extract can reduce oxidative damage to the kidney tissue through its antioxidant effect. The “غانوديرما لوكيدوم total triterpenes”, which contain various triterpenoids such as ganoderic acids, ganoderenic acids and ganoderiols, work together to delay the progression of renal fibrosis and polycystic kidney disease, which also surprises scientists.
ما هو أكثر من ذلك, the need for protecting the kidney is not solved by protecting the kidney alone. Other things such as regulating immunity, improving the three highs, موازنة الغدد الصماء, calming the nerves and assisting sleep are certainly helpful for protecting the kidneys. These respects cannot be completely solved by ganoderic acid A alone.
The preciousness ofغانوديرما لوكيدوم lies in its diversified ingredients and versatile functions, which can coordinate with each other to produce the best balance for the body. بعبارة أخرى, if the ganoderic acid A is lacking, the kidney protection work will lack a lot of combat force like a team lacking the main players.
غانوديرما لوكيدوم with ganoderic acid A is more worthy of our expectations because of its better kidney-protecting effect.
[مصدر البيانات]
1. اكس كيو, وآخرون. يعيق حمض الجانوديريك التليف الكلوي عن طريق قمع مسارات إشارات TGF-β/Smad وMAPK. اكتا فارماكول سين. 2020, 41: 670-677. دوي: 10.1038/s41401-019-0324-7.
2. منغ ج, وآخرون. Ganoderic acid A is the effective ingredient of Ganoderma triterpenes in retarding renal cyst development in polycystic kidney disease. اكتا فارماكول سين. 2020, 41: 782-790. دوي: 10.1038/s41401-019-0329-2.
3. على, وآخرون. Ganoderma triterpenes retard renal cyst development by downregulating Ras/MAPK signaling and promoting cell differentiation. كثافة العمليات في الكلى. 2017 ديسمبر; 92(6): 1404-1418. دوي: 10.1016/j.out.04.013.2017.
4. تشونغ د, وآخرون. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptide prevents renal ischemia reperfusion injury via counteracting oxidative stress. مندوب العلوم. 2015 نوفمبر 25; 5: 16910. دوي: 10.1038/srep16910.
نهاية
نبذة عن الكاتبة/ م. وو تينغياو
قام وو تينغ ياو بتقديم تقارير مباشرة غانوديرما لوكيدوم المعلومات منذ ذلك الحين 1999. هي مؤلفة الشفاء بالجانوديرما (نشرت في دار النشر الطبية الشعبية في أبريل 2017).
★ يتم نشر هذه المقالة بموجب التفويض الحصري للمؤلف
★ لا يمكن إعادة إنتاج الأعمال المذكورة أعلاه, مقتطفة أو مستخدمة بطرق أخرى دون إذن المؤلف
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★ تمت كتابة النص الأصلي لهذه المقالة باللغة الصينية بواسطة Wu Tingyao وترجمها إلى الإنجليزية بواسطة Alfred Liu. إذا كان هناك أي اختلاف بين الترجمة (إنجليزي) والأصل (الصينية), يجب أن تسود الصينية الأصلية. إذا كان لدى القراء أي أسئلة, يرجى الاتصال بالمؤلف الأصلي, آنسة. وو تينغياو.
